A research, published in the journal Neuropsychopharmacology, has shown that a drug commonly used to treat severe acne, Isotretinoin ( Accutane / Roaccutan ) can lead to depressive behaviour in mice.

Since the drug’s introduction in the early 1980s there have been controversial reports of depression and suicidal behaviour that may have occurred in some people taking Isotretinoin.

This has led to the drug’s manufacturers, Roche, including a warning in the product information that taking the medication may cause depression, psychosis and suicidal behaviour.

However, the chemical mechanism by which this might happen has never been established.

Researchers at the universities of Bath and Texas at Austin gave Isotretinoin to mice over a period of six weeks, and then monitored the rodents’ behaviour.

They found that whilst there was no change in the physical abilities of the mice, the rodents spent significantly more time immobile in a range of laboratory assessments designed to test their stress responsiveness – suggesting that administration of Isotretinoin increases depression-related behaviour in mice.

“ Establishing a link between the active molecules within the drug and a change in depression-related behaviour, albeit in mice, is an important step forward in our understanding of the effects of this drug in the wider context of brain function, “ said Sarah Bailey at the University of Bath.

“ To date the only evidence for any link with patients has come from individual case reports and such patient data is complicated by the psychosocial effects of having severe acne.
“ This laboratory evidence provides a useful model for future research into Isotretinoin and understanding how this family of compounds affects the brain.”

Isotretinoin belongs to a group of medicines called retinoids - vitamin A-related compounds known to affect development of the nervous system. For this reason Isotretinoin is not prescribed to pregnant women.

“ Previously researchers thought that retinoids were only important in the development of the nervous system. Now there is a growing interest in retinoids as regulators of different aspects of brain function in adults,” said Bailey.

“ While our research is the first to demonstrate that retinoids are capable of influencing depression-related behaviours, these compounds may also play a role in the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia.”

Source: University of Bath, 2006



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